1/20/2024 0 Comments Perceptual phenomena definition![]() In phenomenological philosophy (and in particular in the work of Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty), "experience" is a considerably more complex concept than it is usually taken to be in everyday use. The experiencing subject can be considered to be the person or self, for purposes of convenience. Following Husserl's battle-cry "back to the things themselves", a phenomenological approach seeks to avoid speculation about underlying causes, and instead emphasizes direct descriptions of phenomena, whether by means of introspection or by attentive observation of another person. This stands in contrast to quantitative approaches which seek to operationalize, abstract and predict behavior. Phenomenology is concerned with the rich qualitative description of first-person experiences. But "an even stronger influence on psychopathology came from Heidegger (1963), particularly through Kunz (1931), Blankenburg (1971), Tellenbach (1983), Binswanger (1994), and others." Phenomenological psychologists have also figured prominently in the history of the humanistic psychology movement. ![]() Other names associated with the movement include Jonathan Smith ( interpretative phenomenological analysis), Steinar Kvale, and Wolfgang Köhler. Their critiques of psychologism and positivism later influenced at least two main fields of contemporary psychology: the phenomenological psychological approach of the Duquesne School (the descriptive phenomenological method in psychology), including Amedeo Giorgi and Frederick Wertz and the experimental approaches associated with Francisco Varela, Shaun Gallagher, Evan Thompson, and others ( embodied mind thesis). History Įarly phenomenologists such as Husserl, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty conducted philosophical investigations of consciousness in the early 20th century. The approach has its roots in the phenomenological philosophical work of Edmund Husserl. It is an approach to psychological subject matter that attempts to explain experiences from the point of view of the subject via the analysis of their written or spoken words. Phenomenology or phenomenological psychology, a sub-discipline of psychology, is the scientific study of subjective experiences. For other uses, see Phenomenology (disambiguation).
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